Kuzindikira momwe ntchito imagwirira ntchito: Kuzama kwamphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kukhudzika

Ma caryala ndi otsikabe m'dziko lamagetsi, chofunikira pantchito za zida zosawerengeka ndi machitidwe. Amakhala osavuta pakupanga kwawo koma modabwitsa pogwiritsa ntchito. Kuti muthokoze kwambiri gawo la Akatswiri amakono aukadaulo wamakono, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kapangidwe kake, munthawi zonse, machitidwe ozungulira, komanso gawo la mapulogalamu awo. Kufufuza kokwanira kumeneku kungakuthandizeninso kumvetsetsa bwino momwe ma calacitors amagwirira ntchito, kufafaniza kumathandizira ukadaulo ndi kuthekera kwawo mtsogolo.

Kapangidwe koyambira kwa capocator

Pakatikati pake, capacototor imakhala ndi ma mbale awiri omwe amapatukana ndi zinthu zodziwika ngati diectric. Kapangidwe kameneka kamatha kuzindikiridwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku caltetor yosavuta kwambiri yofananira ndi mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri ngati cylindricars kapena sporication. Mbale zomwe zimachitika zimapangidwa chifukwa cha zitsulo, monga aluminiyamu kapena tantlum, pomwe zida za dielect zimachokera ku ceramic mafilimu, kutengera ntchito inayake.

Mapulidiwo amalumikizidwa ndi gawo lakunja, nthawi zambiri kudzera m'malire omwe amalola kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Mphamvu ikamayikidwa kudutsa mbale, gawo lamagetsi limapangidwa mkati mwa dinectric, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti milandu ikhale yokhudza mbale imodzi ndi yopanda pake. Kulekanitsidwa kumeneku ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yomwechivindikiyaSungani mphamvu zamagetsi.

Fizikisi yomwe idayambitsa yosungira

Njira yosungira mphamvu mwapamwamba imayendetsedwa ndi mfundo za electrostatis. Mphamvu ya voliyumu

V amagwiritsa ntchito mbale za pagalasi, munda wamagetsi

E amakula mu dielectric zinthu. Gawo ili limalimbikitsa ma elekitoni aulere m'mamba, ndikuwapangitsa kuti asunthe. Electrons imadziunjikira pa mbale imodzi, ndikupanga cholakwika, pomwe mbale inayo imataya ma elekitoni, kukhala oyimbidwa mlandu.

Zinthu za dielect zimadya mbali yofunika kwambiri yolimbitsa mphamvu ya captacitor kuti isungitse ndalama. Zimatero pochepetsa gawo lamagetsi pakati pa mbale za kuchuluka kwa ndalama zosungidwa, zomwe zimawonjezera bwino mphamvu ya chipangizocho. Kukula

C amafotokozedwa ngati chiwerengero cha mlanduwo

Q yosungidwa pa mbale ku voliyumu

V Kugwiritsa:

Chiwonetserochi chikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa carcacal kuli chimodzimodzi ndi omwe adasungidwa kwa magetsi. Chigawo cha capocance ndi Farad (f), wotchedwa Michael Faraday, mpainiya pophunzira za Eklemaaptim.

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa capactor ya Capactor:

1. Malo a mbale: Mapulasitiki akuluakulu amatha kusunga ndalama zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwapamwamba.
2. Mtunda pakati pa mbale: Mtunda wocheperako umachulukitsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndipo, motero, mphamvu.
3. Zinthu za Diectric: Mtundu wa dielectric umakhudza kuthekera kwa capactor kuyika ndalama. Zipangizo zokhala ndi dielect yokhazikika (chilolezo) yowonjezera ntchito.

M'mawu othandiza, ma carpoctors nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu kuchokera ku Picofarad (PF) kwa Farads (F), kutengera kukula kwake, kapangidwe, ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Kusunga mphamvu ndikumasulidwa

Mphamvu zosungidwa mu capacotar ndi ntchito ya capocacitance yake ndi lalikulu la magetsi kudutsa mbale yake. Mphamvu

EL osungidwa akhoza kufotokozedwa monga:

Idule iyi imavumbula kuti mphamvu zosungidwa mu Captactor imachulukana ndi mphamvu zonse ndi mphamvu yamphamvu. Chofunika, makina osungira mphamvu ku Cavactors ndi osiyana ndi mabatire. Pomwe mabatire amasungira mphamvu zamankhwala ndikumasula pang'onopang'ono, ma carvactors amasungira mphamvu zamagetsi ndipo amatha kumasula pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Kusiyanaku kumapangitsa ma cartitors pazoyenera kuti ntchito zisasunthike.

Dera lakunja likalola, Cakocatotor itha kutulutsa mphamvu zake, kumasula ndalama zosungidwa. Njira yotulutsa izi imatha kuyesetsa zigawo zosiyanasiyana m'derali, kutengera kuchuluka kwa akavactor ndi zofunikira za madera.

Ma car Cavactors mu AC ndi DC

Khalidwe la capoctors limasiyanasiyana pakati pa nduna yaposachedwa (DC) ndikusinthasintha madera omwe ali pano (AC), kuwapangitsa kukhala osiyana ndi zinthu zina mwa makompyuta.

1. Zithunzi za mabwalo a DC: M'dera la DC, pomwe captotor imalumikizidwa ndi magetsi, imalola kuti ikuyendereni. Monga kazembeyo amalipira, magetsi pamapulogalamu ake amawonjezeka, kutsutsa magetsi. Pambuyo pake, nyuzi yamagetsi yodutsa papachikori yofanana ndi vochi ya voliyumu, ndipo kutuluka komwe kumayambira, komwe kazembeyo amalipiritsa mokwanira. Pakadali pano, wamkuluyo amagwira ngati gawo lotseguka, ndikuletsa kuyenda kwina kulikonse.Katunduyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mapulogalamu ngati kusinthasintha m'magetsi, pomwe ma calcocitors amatha kusefa zinthu mu magetsi a DC, kupereka zotulutsa.
2. Zithunzi pamabwalo a ma ikala: M'magawo a ma as, vochimbo idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kazembe mosalekeza. Vuto la voliyumu iyi imapangitsa capication kuti ithe kulipira ndikutulutsa ndi kuzungulira kulikonse kwa chizindikirocho. Chifukwa cha izi, ma cartoctors mu mabwalo a ma is amalola ma AC pano kuti adutse kwinaku akuletsa chilichonseMagawo a DC.Chosowa
   $ZZ$

    

   Z a Captoritor mubwalo la AC yaperekedwa ndi:

    

   $Z\; =\; 12\pi fcz\; =\; \backslash \; frac\; \{1\}\; \{2\; \backslash \; pi\; fc\}$

    
   

Kumenef ndi pafupipafupi kwa chizindikiro cha ac. Kupanga izi kumawonetsa kuti chosowa cha Capactor chimatsika ndikuwonjezera pafupipafupi, kumapangitsa ma carfictors othandiza pakupanga zizindikiro zotsika kwambiri (monga DC) pomwe mukudutsa.

Ntchito zothandiza za capoctors

Cavactors ndi yolingana ndi ntchito zambiri m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Kuthekera kwawo kusunga ndi kumasula mphamvu, zizindikiro, ndikupangitsa nthawi yozungulira imapangitsa kuti iwo azikhala ndi zida zambiri zamagetsi.

1. Makina oyendetsa mphamvu: Mu magetsi oyendetsa magetsi, ma carpoctors amagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthasintha magetsi, kupereka mawu okhazikika. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazida zomwe zimafunikira magetsi osasinthika, monga makompyuta ndi mafoni. Makanema omwe ali mu makina awa amachita ngati zosefera, zomata zotupa ndikuyika magetsi ndikuwonetsetsa magetsi okhazikika.Kuphatikiza apo, ma capuctors amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mphamvu zosasinthika (UPS) kuti mupereke mphamvu zobwezera nthawi yayifupi. Makanema akuluakulu, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi apamwamba, amagwira bwino ntchito izi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zawo komanso kuthekera kotuluka mwachangu.
2. Kusankha: M'mabwalo a analog, ma carpoctors amasewera mbali yofunikira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zosefera kuti adutse kapena kuletsa pafupipafupi, akupanga chizindikiro kuti asinthane. Mwachitsanzo, zida zomvera, ma carpoctors amathandizira kusefa phokoso losafunikira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ma radio omveka omwe akufuna kuti atukule ndikufalikira.Capactors imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pophatikizana ndikusintha njira. Kuphatikizira, capacotor kumathandizira kuti zizindikiro zithe kuchokera gawo lina laikulu kupita kwina kwinaku kwinaku komwe kungasokoneze ntchito yomwe ikutsatira. Pofuna kutsanulira, ma capuctors amagawidwa kudutsa mizere ya magetsi kuti isulire phokoso ndikupewa kuti zisakhudzidwe ndi zigawo.
3. Kuthamangitsidwa mabwalo: Mu wailesi ndi zolankhulirana, ma carpoctors amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi mabungwe opanga ma resinant omwe amatha kupangidwa ndi maulendo apadera. Kuthanaku ndikofunikira posankha zizindikiro zofuna kuchokera ku mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, monga olandila ma wayilesi, pomwe ma carcitors amathandizira kudzipatula ndikukuwonjezera chizindikiro.
4. Mabwalo a oscillator: Cavactors, kuphatikiza ndi masitepe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madera ozungulira, monga omwe amapezeka m'mawotchi, nthawi, ndi jeseji. Kulipiritsa ndi kuwulutsa capicator kudzera mwa kukana komwe kumapangitsa kuti nthawi ikhale yovuta, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zizindikiro ndi nthawi kapena kuchititsa zochitika pazomwe zimachitika.Mabwalo osokoneza bongo osungirako oscilator, omwe amatulutsa mafano opitilira, amadaliranso ma carpor. M'magawo awa, chiwopsezo cha Capticle ndi chogulitsa chimapanga ma Oscillations ofunikira pazizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi.
5. Kusungira mphamvu: Supercapactors, omwe amadziwikanso kuti akumwa akumwa, amaimira kupita patsogolo kwambiri m'matumbo osungira mphamvu. Zipangizozi zimatha kusunga mphamvu zambiri ndikuzimasulira mwachangu, zimapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mwachangu, monganso kusinthasintha kwa ma stratics pamagetsi. Mosiyana ndi mabatire achikhalidwe, ma supercapactors amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali, amatha kupirira zozungulira zotulutsa, ndikuwalipira mwachangu.Opepuka akufufuzidwanso kuti agwiritse ntchito mu mphamvu zosinthidwa, komwe angasungire mphamvu zopangidwa ndi mapiko a dzuwa kapena ma turbines a mphepo ndikutulutsa ngati pakufunika, kuthandiza kukhazikika kwa Gridi.
6. Maso a ElectrolyticMankhwala a electrolytic ndi mtundu wa capicator yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito electrolyte kuti mukwaniritse mphamvu zapamwamba kuposa mitundu ina. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu omwe gawo lalikulu limafunikira mu voliyumu yaying'ono, monga mu magetsi osefera ndi zowonera magetsi ndi mawu omvera. Komabe, ali ndi moyo woperewera poyerekeza ndi maapoactors ena, popeza electrolyte imatha kuwuma pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke komanso kulephera kwapadera.

Zochita zamtsogolo ndi zotulutsa m'matumbo a Captory

Pamene technology ikupitilira kusinthika, momwemonso imakulitsa ukadaulo wa captocitor. Ofufuzawo akufufuza zinthu zatsopano ndi zojambula kuti musinthe magwiridwe antchito, ndikuwapangitsa kuti akhale olimba, okhazikika, komanso okhoza kusungira mphamvu zambiri.

1. Nanotechnology: Kupita patsogolo ku Nanotechnology kukuchititsa kuti chitukuko cha capoctors ndi katundu wowonjezera. Pogwiritsa ntchito nanomarium, monga graphene ndi kaboni nanotubes, ofufuza amatha kupanga macactors omwe ali ndi mphamvu zapamwamba komanso mizere yotulutsa mofulumira. Izi zotuluka zimatha kubweretsa ma carmitor ocheperako, amphamvu kwambiri omwe ndi abwino kugwiritsa ntchito pamagetsi amagetsi ndi magalimoto amagetsi.
2. Makina okhazikika: Aapocactors olimba, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma electrolyte yolimba m'malo mwa madzimadzi, akufalikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Maapositi awa amapereka kudalirika kwa moyo, nthawi yayitali, komanso kugwira bwino ntchito pamatenthedwe abwino poyerekeza ndi mavacortor a madokotala.
3. Magetsi osinthika komanso okhazikika: Monga ukadaulo wopatsirana komanso zamagetsi zosinthika zimayamba kukhala zotchuka kwambiri, pamakhala kufunikira kwa carcoctors komwe kumatha kukhazikika ndikutaya osataya magwiridwe antchito. Ofufuzawo akupanga ma carmitor osinthika pogwiritsa ntchito ma polima ma polima ma polima komanso makanema otambasulira ntchito zatsopano mu zaumoyo, kulimbitsa thupi, ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi.
4. Kututa Kwambiri: Caacactors ikugwiranso ntchito zokolola zamphamvu zokolola, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mphamvu zomwe zimagwidwa chifukwa cha chilengedwe, monga mapate wa dzuwa, kugwedezeka, kapena kutentha. Makina awa amatha kupereka mphamvu ku zida zing'onozing'ono kapena masensa kumadera akutali, kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa mabatire azikhalidwe.
5. Makamaka otentha kwambiri: Pali kafukufuku wopitilira mu Cavactors omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri, komwe ndikofunikira kwambiri pantchito ku Aweslossece, mafakitale, ndi mafakitale. Aapoactors awa amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamwamba zomwe zimatha kupirira zovuta zowopsa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito m'malo ovutikira.

Mapeto

Caa Cavactors ndizinthu zosafunikira m'magetsi amakono, kusewera maudindo ovuta posungira mphamvu, siginecha, kuwongolera magetsi, komanso madera ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi. Kuthekera kwawo kusunga ndi kumasula mphamvu mwachangu kumawapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chosintha magetsi, chifukwa champhamvu zothandizira kuchitapo kanthu. Monga ukadaulo ukupitirirabe, kukonza kwa captictoristor yopanga ndi zinthu zam'maso kumalonjeza kuti zikuwonjezereka, makompyuta osinthasintha, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito apamwamba. Kumvetsetsa momwe ma carcitors amagwirira ntchito, komanso kuzindikira zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwawo komanso kwamphamvu, kumapereka maziko a gawo lalikulu la zamagetsi.